Django 图表数据交互
菜鸡一枚____ 人气:0在Django开发过程中,遇到了需要图表进行数据可视化的需要。因此查询了相关文档,并记录下如何实现与图表的数据交互。 本人是个前端小白,只会改不会写(套模板)。
仅供参考!!!
环境相关
Django (版本不限,当然不同的版本有不同的后端代码写法。本文环境为Django 3.1)
echarts (前端的画图框架,导入JS包即可) 点击网址可以找到模板 网址
JQuery (用于Ajax请求 导入JS包即可 在文中会有JS包地址)
实现思路(需要理解的请结合代码来看)
- 后端方面主要涉及到了ajax,其实就是前端对后端请求一个特定的地址,后端收到请求后,将数据整理并打包成json格式向前端发送,有点类似于在写API接口。
- 前端方面。主要有两个点:echarts 和Ajax 。
- echarts 中可以看到,生成的模板里面有2个data项,用于储存数据信息制作表格。 (不同的图表有不同的数据点,本文只有2个data项,生成折线图)
- Ajax 用于向后端发送请求。
- 在编写过程中,先将echarts 表的数据项清空(data : [])。 后续通过ajax请求向后端请求数据包,并提取对应的数据加入到echarts 表的数据项中。
代码:
urls.py
re_path('ajax_line/', views.ajax_line, name='ajax_line'),
ajax请求接口:
from django.db import models from datetime import datetime # Create your models here. class Shop(models.Model): Name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='名称') Barcode = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='条形码' ,default ='') Money = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='单价') number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='库存') Other = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='备注' ,default='无') objects = models.Manager() def __str__(self): return self.Name class Meta: verbose_name = '商品' verbose_name_plural = verbose_name class ShopOrders(models.Model): Produce = models.ManyToManyField(Shop, verbose_name='产品清单', blank=True) Money = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='合计') add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name='时间') Other = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='备注' , default='无') Owner = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='销售人员',default ='') FRESHMAN = 'FR' SOPHOMORE = 'SO' JUNIOR = 'JR' YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = ( (FRESHMAN, '微信'), (SOPHOMORE, '现金'), (JUNIOR, '支付宝'), ) Type = models.CharField( max_length=2, choices=YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES, default=FRESHMAN, ) objects = models.Manager() def __str__(self): return self.Owner class Meta: verbose_name = '商品订单' verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
models
from django.db import models from datetime import datetime # Create your models here. class Shop(models.Model): Name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='名称') Barcode = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='条形码' ,default ='') Money = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='单价') number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='库存') Other = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='备注' ,default='无') objects = models.Manager() def __str__(self): return self.Name class Meta: verbose_name = '商品' verbose_name_plural = verbose_name class ShopOrders(models.Model): Produce = models.ManyToManyField(Shop, verbose_name='产品清单', blank=True) Money = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='合计') add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name='时间') Other = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='备注' , default='无') Owner = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='销售人员',default ='') FRESHMAN = 'FR' SOPHOMORE = 'SO' JUNIOR = 'JR' YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = ( (FRESHMAN, '微信'), (SOPHOMORE, '现金'), (JUNIOR, '支付宝'), ) Type = models.CharField( max_length=2, choices=YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES, default=FRESHMAN, ) objects = models.Manager() def __str__(self): return self.Owner class Meta: verbose_name = '商品订单' verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
前端
<!-- THIS EXAMPLE WAS DOWNLOADED FROM https://echarts.apache.org/examples/zh/editor.html?c=line-simple --> <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zh-CN" style="height: 100%"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> </head> <body style="height: 100%; margin: 0"> <h1 style="Text-align:center"> 月度销售情况</h1>> <div id="container" style="height: 100%"></div> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://fastly.jsdelivr.net/npm/echarts@5.3.3/dist/echarts.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" charset="utf8" src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var dom = document.getElementById('container'); var myChart = echarts.init(dom, null, { renderer: 'canvas', useDirtyRect: false }); var app = {}; var option; option = { xAxis: { type: 'category', data: [] }, yAxis: { type: 'value' }, series: [ { data: [], type: 'line' } ] }; if (option && typeof option === 'object') { myChart.setOption(option); } window.addEventListener('resize', myChart.resize); myChart.showLoading(); var names = []; var brower = []; $.ajax({ // ajax的方式动态获取后端代码 type: 'get', url: '/index/ajax_line/', dataType: 'json', success: function (result) { $.each(result.data, function (index, item) { names.push(item.name); brower.push({ value: item.count, name: item.name }); }); myChart.hideLoading(); myChart.setOption({ xAxis: { data: names }, series: [{ data: brower }] }); }, error: function (errormsg) { alert('errormsg'); myChart.hideLoading(); } }); </script> </body> </html>
成果展示
参考博客
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